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Multi-commodity flow problem : ウィキペディア英語版
Multi-commodity flow problem
The multi-commodity flow problem is a network flow problem with multiple commodities (flow demands) between different source and sink nodes.
==Definition==

Given a flow network \,G(V,E), where edge (u,v) \in E has capacity \,c(u,v). There are \,k commodities K_1,K_2,\dots,K_k, defined by \,K_i=(s_i,t_i,d_i), where \,s_i and \,t_i is the source and sink of commodity \,i, and \,d_i is the demand. The flow of commodity \,i along edge \,(u,v) is \,f_i(u,v). Find an assignment of flow which satisfies the constraints:
: f_i(u,v) \leq c(u,v)
|-
| Flow conservation: || \,\sum_ f_i(u,w) = 0 \quad \mathrm \quad u \neq s_i, t_i
|-
|||\,\forall v, u,\, f_i(u,v) = -f_i(v,u)
|-
| Demand satisfaction: || \,\sum_ f_i(s_i,w) = \sum_ f_i(w,t_i) = d_i
|}
In the minimum cost multi-commodity flow problem, there is a cost a(u,v) \cdot f(u,v) for sending flow on \,(u,v). You then need to minimize
:\sum_ \left( a(u,v) \sum_^ f_i(u,v) \right)
In the maximum multi-commodity flow problem, there are no hard demands on each commodity, but the total throughput is maximised:
:\sum_^ \sum_ f_i(s_i,w)
In the maximum concurrent flow problem, the task is to maximise the minimal fraction of the flow of each commodity to its demand:
:\min_ \frac

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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